Learn How to Grow Nasturtium from Seeds

Nasturtium is a beautiful and versatile plant that can be grown easily from seeds. Whether you have a large garden or a small balcony, nasturtiums are a great addition to any outdoor space. Not only are they visually appealing with their vibrant flowers and lush foliage, but they also have a variety of culinary uses. In this article, we will guide you through the process of growing nasturtium from seeds, from sowing to harvesting.

Step 1: Choosing the right seeds

Before you start growing nasturtiums, it’s important to choose the right seeds. Look for high-quality seeds from a reputable supplier. Nasturtium seeds come in a variety of colors, so you can choose the ones that suit your taste and garden design. You can also opt for a mix of different colors for a more vibrant display.

Step 2: Sowing the seeds

Once you have your seeds, it’s time to sow them. Nasturtium seeds are fairly large and easy to handle. Start by preparing the soil in your garden bed or container. Nasturtiums prefer well-draining soil, so make sure to add compost or organic matter to improve the soil’s fertility and drainage. Sow the seeds about 1 inch deep and 10-12 inches apart. If you are planting in containers, make sure they have drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.

Step 3: Caring for your nasturtium plants

After sowing the seeds, it’s important to provide the right care for your nasturtium plants. They prefer full sun, so make sure they receive at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Water the plants regularly, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. Avoid overwatering, as it can lead to root rot. Nasturtiums are relatively low-maintenance plants and do not require much fertilization. However, you can apply a balanced fertilizer once a month to promote healthy growth.

Step 4: Harvesting and using nasturtium

Once your nasturtium plants start flowering, you can start harvesting the flowers and leaves. Nasturtium flowers have a peppery flavor and can be used in salads, sandwiches, and other dishes. The leaves are also edible and can be used as a garnish or added to salads. Harvest the flowers and leaves in the morning when they are at their freshest. Regular harvesting will encourage the plants to produce more flowers.

By following these simple steps, you can successfully grow nasturtium from seeds and enjoy their beauty and culinary benefits. Whether you use them to add color to your garden or to enhance your dishes, nasturtiums are a delightful addition to any home.

Choosing the Right Seeds

When it comes to growing nasturtiums from seeds, choosing the right seeds is essential for a successful garden. Here are some factors to consider when selecting your nasturtium seeds:

Variety: Nasturtiums come in a variety of colors and sizes, so choose a variety that suits your preferences and the space you have available. Some popular varieties include Alaska, Empress of India, and Jewel Mix.

Quality: Look for seeds that are fresh and of high quality. Avoid seeds that are discolored, damaged, or have a moldy appearance. It’s also a good idea to purchase seeds from a reputable supplier to ensure their viability.

Germination Rate: Check the germination rate of the seeds before purchasing. This information can usually be found on the seed packet or the supplier’s website. Aim for seeds with a high germination rate to increase the chances of successful growth.

Organic vs. Non-Organic: Consider whether you want to grow your nasturtiums from organic or non-organic seeds. Organic seeds are produced without the use of synthetic chemicals and are a good choice for those who prefer a more natural approach to gardening.

Special Considerations: If you have specific requirements or preferences, such as wanting to grow edible nasturtiums or ones that are particularly fragrant, look for seeds that are specifically labeled for those purposes.

By taking the time to choose the right seeds for your nasturtium garden, you can ensure a beautiful and thriving display of these vibrant flowers.

Preparing the Soil

Before planting nasturtium seeds, it is important to prepare the soil properly. Nasturtiums prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Here are some steps to prepare the soil for planting:

Step 1:	Choose a sunny location for your nasturtiums. They thrive in full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
Step 2:	Clear the area of any weeds or debris. Nasturtiums do not compete well with other plants, so it is important to remove any potential competition.
Step 3:	Loosen the soil with a garden fork or tiller. This will help improve drainage and allow the roots to penetrate the soil more easily.
Step 4:	Amend the soil with organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure. This will provide essential nutrients for the plants to grow and thrive.
Step 5:	Level the soil and remove any large clumps or rocks. Nasturtium seeds are small and need a smooth surface to germinate successfully.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your nasturtium seeds have the best possible start in the garden. Preparing the soil properly will promote healthy growth and vibrant blooms.

Sowing the Seeds

Once you have obtained your nasturtium seeds, it’s time to sow them. Nasturtium seeds are relatively large and easy to handle, making them perfect for beginner gardeners. Follow these steps to successfully sow your nasturtium seeds:

Step 1:	Choose a sunny location in your garden or a suitable container for sowing the seeds. Nasturtiums thrive in full sun and well-drained soil.
Step 2:	Prepare the soil by removing any weeds or debris and loosening it with a garden fork or rake. Nasturtiums prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.0.
Step 3:	Moisten the soil before sowing the seeds. This will help the seeds settle into the soil and promote germination.
Step 4:	Place the seeds on the soil surface, spacing them about 10 to 12 inches apart. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil, approximately 1/4 inch deep.
Step 5:	Water the seeds gently to ensure the soil is evenly moist. Avoid overwatering, as it can lead to rotting.
Step 6:	Keep the soil consistently moist until the seeds germinate, which usually takes about 7 to 14 days. You can cover the sown area with a plastic wrap or a cloche to create a greenhouse-like environment and speed up germination.
Step 7:	Once the seedlings have emerged, thin them out if necessary, leaving the strongest ones to grow. If you’re growing nasturtiums in containers, make sure to provide adequate space for the plants to spread.

By following these steps, you’ll be on your way to growing beautiful and vibrant nasturtiums from seeds. Enjoy the process and the colorful blooms that will soon adorn your garden!

Watering

Proper watering is crucial for the successful growth of nasturtium plants. These plants prefer moist soil but can tolerate some dryness. It is important to strike a balance and avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.

When watering nasturtiums, it is best to water deeply and infrequently. This encourages the roots to grow deeper into the soil, making the plants more resilient and drought-tolerant. Watering deeply also helps to prevent the growth of shallow roots, which can make the plants more susceptible to drying out.

One way to determine if your nasturtiums need water is to check the soil moisture level. Stick your finger about an inch into the soil. If it feels dry at this depth, it is time to water. However, if the soil feels moist, it is best to wait a day or two before watering again.

When watering, aim to wet the soil evenly around the plants. Avoid getting the leaves wet, as this can increase the risk of fungal diseases. It is also important to water in the morning or early afternoon, allowing the foliage to dry before evening.

During hot and dry periods, you may need to water your nasturtiums more frequently. Pay attention to the weather conditions and adjust your watering schedule accordingly. Remember that it is better to underwater than to overwater, as nasturtiums can tolerate some dryness.

By following these watering guidelines, you can ensure that your nasturtium plants receive the right amount of moisture for healthy growth and vibrant blooms.

Sunlight and Temperature

Nasturtium plants thrive in full sunlight, so it is important to choose a location in your garden that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight each day. If you are growing nasturtiums indoors, place them near a south-facing window or under grow lights to ensure they receive enough light.

In terms of temperature, nasturtiums prefer moderate to warm conditions. They can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, but they grow best when the temperature is between 65 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit (18 to 24 degrees Celsius). If the temperature drops below 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius), the plants may stop growing or even die.

Direct Sunlight

Direct sunlight is essential for the healthy growth of nasturtium plants. Without enough sunlight, the plants may become leggy and weak. If you are growing nasturtiums in a location with partial shade, make sure they still receive a few hours of direct sunlight each day.

Temperature Considerations

When it comes to temperature, nasturtiums are quite hardy and can tolerate a range of conditions. However, they grow best in moderate to warm temperatures. If the temperature drops too low, the plants may suffer and their growth may be stunted. On the other hand, if the temperature gets too hot, the plants may wilt and struggle to survive.

Supporting the Vines

As nasturtium vines grow, they can become quite long and heavy, especially if they are not supported. Supporting the vines is important for several reasons:

1. Preventing damage: Without support, the vines may become tangled or damaged, which can hinder their growth and overall health.

2. Aesthetic appeal: Supporting the vines allows them to grow in a more organized and visually pleasing manner, enhancing the overall appearance of your garden.

3. Maximizing space: By training the vines to grow vertically, you can make the most of limited garden space. This is especially useful in small gardens or containers.

There are several methods you can use to support nasturtium vines:

Trellis: A trellis is a popular option for supporting climbing plants like nasturtiums. Install a trellis behind the plants and gently train the vines to grow up the structure. This provides a sturdy support system and allows the vines to grow vertically.

Netting: Another option is to use netting or mesh to create a support system for the vines. Attach the netting to stakes or a frame and guide the vines to grow along the netting. This method works well for both climbing and trailing varieties of nasturtiums.

Stakes: For smaller nasturtium varieties or individual plants, using stakes can provide sufficient support. Insert stakes into the ground near the base of the plant and loosely tie the vines to the stakes as they grow.

Other plants: If you have other plants nearby, you can use them as natural supports for the nasturtium vines. Simply guide the vines to grow along the stems or branches of the neighboring plants.

Remember to provide support for the vines early on in their growth to avoid any damage or tangling. Regularly check the support system and adjust as needed to ensure the vines are growing in the desired direction.

By supporting your nasturtium vines, you can help them thrive and create a beautiful display in your garden.

Fertilizing

Proper fertilization is key to the healthy growth of nasturtium plants. Nasturtiums are not heavy feeders, but they do benefit from a balanced fertilizer to provide essential nutrients. Here are some tips for fertilizing nasturtiums:

Fertilizer Type	Application
Organic Fertilizer	Apply a slow-release organic fertilizer at the time of planting. This will provide a steady supply of nutrients throughout the growing season.
Water-Soluble Fertilizer	Alternatively, you can use a water-soluble fertilizer. Dilute the fertilizer according to the package instructions and apply every two weeks during the growing season.
Fertilizer Ratio	Look for a fertilizer with a balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N-P-K). A ratio of 10-10-10 or 14-14-14 is suitable for nasturtiums.
Application Rate	Follow the instructions on the fertilizer package for the recommended application rate. Over-fertilizing can lead to excessive foliage growth and fewer flowers.
Timing	Apply fertilizer after the plants have established a strong root system, usually about 4-6 weeks after planting. Avoid fertilizing during hot, dry periods.

Remember to water the plants thoroughly after applying fertilizer to help distribute the nutrients evenly. With proper fertilization, your nasturtiums will thrive and produce beautiful flowers throughout the growing season.

Controlling Pests and Diseases

While nasturtiums are generally hardy plants, they can still fall victim to pests and diseases. Here are some common issues you may encounter and how to control them:

Pests

• Aphids: These small insects can suck the sap from nasturtium leaves and cause them to wilt. To control aphids, you can spray the plants with a mixture of water and dish soap or use an organic insecticidal soap.
• Slugs and Snails: These slimy creatures can eat holes in the leaves and flowers of nasturtiums. To deter slugs and snails, you can place copper tape around the base of the plants or use organic slug pellets.
• Cabbage White Butterflies: The larvae of these butterflies can munch on nasturtium leaves. To prevent infestation, you can cover the plants with netting or use a biological control such as Bacillus thuringiensis.

Diseases

• Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease can cause a white powdery coating to appear on the leaves. To prevent powdery mildew, make sure the plants have good air circulation and avoid overhead watering. If necessary, you can treat the plants with a fungicide.
• Root Rot: Overwatering can lead to root rot, which causes the roots to become mushy and black. To prevent root rot, make sure the soil is well-draining and water the plants only when the top inch of soil is dry.
• Botrytis Blight: This fungal disease can cause brown spots and rotting on the flowers and leaves. To control botrytis blight, remove any infected plant material and improve air circulation around the plants.

By keeping an eye out for pests and diseases and taking appropriate action, you can ensure that your nasturtiums stay healthy and vibrant throughout the growing season.

Harvesting Edible Parts

One of the great benefits of growing nasturtiums is that they are not only beautiful, but also edible. The flowers, leaves, and seeds of the plant can all be harvested and used in various culinary applications.

Flowers

The vibrant flowers of nasturtiums make a stunning addition to any dish. They have a slightly peppery flavor, similar to watercress, and can be used to garnish salads, soups, and even desserts. When harvesting the flowers, choose ones that are fully open and free from any blemishes or discoloration.

Leaves

The leaves of nasturtiums are also edible and have a slightly spicy taste. They can be used in salads, sandwiches, or stir-fries. When harvesting the leaves, choose ones that are young and tender, as they will have the best flavor. Avoid leaves that are wilted or yellowed.

Seeds

The seeds of nasturtiums are often pickled and used as a substitute for capers. They have a unique flavor that is both tangy and peppery. To harvest the seeds, wait until the flowers have faded and the seed pods have formed. The pods will be green and plump. Simply remove the pods from the plant and allow them to dry out for a few days. Once dry, the seeds can be stored in an airtight container.

By harvesting the edible parts of nasturtiums, you can not only enjoy their beauty in the garden, but also add a unique and flavorful touch to your meals.

Deadheading and Pruning

Deadheading is the process of removing spent flowers from the plant. This not only improves the appearance of the plant, but also encourages more blooms to form. When a nasturtium flower fades and begins to wilt, simply pinch or cut off the flower stem just above a set of leaves or a lateral bud. This will prevent the plant from producing seeds and redirect its energy towards producing more flowers.

Pruning is another important aspect of maintaining healthy and vigorous nasturtium plants. Regular pruning helps to control the size and shape of the plant, as well as promote better air circulation and prevent disease. Prune back any dead or damaged leaves or stems, making clean cuts just above a leaf node or lateral bud.

Pruning Tips:

1. Prune nasturtiums regularly throughout the growing season to remove any dead or damaged foliage.

2. Use clean and sharp pruning shears to make clean cuts and minimize the risk of disease transmission.

3. Avoid pruning too much at once, as this can shock the plant. Instead, prune in small increments over time.

Deadheading Tips:

1. Deadhead nasturtiums regularly to remove spent flowers and encourage continuous blooming.

2. Pinch or cut off the flower stem just above a set of leaves or a lateral bud.

3. Deadhead before the flowers have a chance to produce seeds, as this will redirect the plant’s energy towards producing more blooms.

By regularly deadheading and pruning your nasturtium plants, you can enjoy a longer blooming season and healthier, more vibrant plants.

Overwintering

Overwintering is the process of protecting your nasturtium plants during the winter months so that they can survive and thrive the following year. While nasturtiums are annual plants, meaning they complete their life cycle in one year, they can be overwintered in certain climates.

To overwinter your nasturtium plants, you will need to take a few steps:

1. Choose the right location:

Find a location that offers protection from frost and extreme cold temperatures. This can be a greenhouse, a sunroom, or even a south-facing window indoors. The goal is to provide enough warmth and sunlight for the plants to survive.

2. Prepare the plants:

Before bringing your nasturtium plants indoors, make sure to trim them back to about 6 inches in height. This will help reduce the risk of pests and diseases and make it easier for the plants to adjust to their new environment.

3. Transplant into containers:

Transfer your trimmed nasturtium plants into containers filled with well-draining soil. Make sure the containers have drainage holes to prevent waterlogging. Choose containers that are large enough to accommodate the root system of the plants.

4. Provide adequate care:

Place your containers in the chosen location and water the plants regularly. Nasturtiums prefer slightly dry conditions, so avoid overwatering. Monitor the plants for any signs of pests or diseases and take appropriate action if necessary.

5. Monitor temperature and light:

Keep an eye on the temperature and light conditions in the overwintering location. Nasturtiums prefer temperatures between 55-65°F (13-18°C) and at least 6 hours of sunlight per day. If necessary, supplement with artificial grow lights to ensure the plants receive enough light.

6. Resume outdoor growth:

In spring, when the danger of frost has passed and temperatures start to rise, you can gradually acclimate your nasturtium plants to outdoor conditions. Start by placing them in a sheltered location for a few hours a day, gradually increasing the time spent outdoors over the course of a week.

By following these steps, you can successfully overwinter your nasturtium plants and enjoy their beautiful blooms year after year.

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